1
00:00:19,990 --> 00:00:16,599
this much we can say at this moment the

2
00:00:22,030 --> 00:00:20,000
planet Venus is a very hot planet the

3
00:00:28,070 --> 00:00:22,040
atmosphere is dense as primary

4
00:00:33,290 --> 00:00:30,050
there are many mysteries yet remaining

5
00:00:35,720 --> 00:00:33,300
about the planet Venus these mysteries

6
00:00:38,000 --> 00:00:35,730
will be solved by further analysis by

7
00:00:50,680 --> 00:00:38,010
present data and hopefully by more

8
00:00:56,590 --> 00:00:53,319
NASA the National Aeronautics and Space

9
00:01:05,020 --> 00:00:56,600
Administration presents Aeronautics and

10
00:01:07,420 --> 00:01:05,030
Space report next month NASA plans to

11
00:01:09,370 --> 00:01:07,430
launch an unmanned Mariner spacecraft to

12
00:01:11,350 --> 00:01:09,380
the planet Venus we know very little

13
00:01:14,710 --> 00:01:11,360
about Venus because we cannot see

14
00:01:16,840 --> 00:01:14,720
through its thick clouds the 540 pound

15
00:01:18,730 --> 00:01:16,850
Mariner will attempt to shed light on

16
00:01:20,740 --> 00:01:18,740
the origin and nature of the planet and

17
00:01:33,639 --> 00:01:20,750
its environment giving us additional

18
00:01:35,320 --> 00:01:33,649
knowledge about our solar system ever

19
00:01:37,359 --> 00:01:35,330
since the first people were gazing up at

20
00:01:42,910 --> 00:01:37,369
the skies they had to have noticed Venus

21
00:01:44,649 --> 00:01:42,920
it's so incredibly bright in the ancient

22
00:01:46,480 --> 00:01:44,659
records of the Mayans the Greeks the

23
00:01:48,550 --> 00:01:46,490
Chinese people all over the world were

24
00:01:50,080 --> 00:01:48,560
seeing Venus up there naming it and

25
00:01:52,210 --> 00:01:50,090
writing all sorts of stories about it

26
00:01:55,059 --> 00:01:52,220
but we could say that first modern

27
00:02:02,650 --> 00:01:55,069
observations of Venus began with the use

28
00:02:05,919 --> 00:02:02,660
of a telescope in 1610 Galileo in the

29
00:02:08,469 --> 00:02:05,929
early 1600s turned his telescope on to

30
00:02:11,350 --> 00:02:08,479
Venus and he looked at the phases of

31
00:02:13,180 --> 00:02:11,360
Venus and that really refuted the

32
00:02:15,940 --> 00:02:13,190
geocentric model that was in play and

33
00:02:19,000 --> 00:02:15,950
commonly accepted Galileo's observations

34
00:02:20,949 --> 00:02:19,010
were one of the first clear examples of

35
00:02:27,740 --> 00:02:20,959
how observing another world could tell

36
00:02:32,039 --> 00:02:30,089
for the next 300 years

37
00:02:35,030 --> 00:02:32,049
Venus continued to be an obvious target

38
00:02:37,050 --> 00:02:35,040
for telescopes these early observations

39
00:02:40,110 --> 00:02:37,060
eventually revealed that Venus had a

40
00:02:42,179 --> 00:02:40,120
thick dense atmosphere this discovery

41
00:02:44,580 --> 00:02:42,189
would define our image of the planet

42
00:02:47,250 --> 00:02:44,590
rather than seeing it as a meandering

43
00:02:54,320 --> 00:02:47,260
bright star Venus was now our mysterious

44
00:02:59,700 --> 00:02:57,720
early in the 20th century or making huge

45
00:03:03,390 --> 00:02:59,710
advances in science and all kinds of

46
00:03:05,940 --> 00:03:03,400
different fields with advances we start

47
00:03:08,190 --> 00:03:05,950
getting observations of Venus using

48
00:03:11,210 --> 00:03:08,200
spectroscopy and using ultraviolet

49
00:03:14,000 --> 00:03:11,220
wavelengths the astronomers of the time

50
00:03:16,290 --> 00:03:14,010
were making fairly reasonable

51
00:03:18,630 --> 00:03:16,300
assumptions that the atmosphere on Venus

52
00:03:20,880 --> 00:03:18,640
is very similar to the one on earth and

53
00:03:24,230 --> 00:03:20,890
that the clouds that they were observing

54
00:03:26,310 --> 00:03:24,240
war made up of water vapor and

55
00:03:28,440 --> 00:03:26,320
subsequently they concluded that the

56
00:03:33,690 --> 00:03:28,450
Venusian atmosphere was really wet and

57
00:03:36,360 --> 00:03:33,700
stormy and the service was swampy and a

58
00:03:38,250 --> 00:03:36,370
lot of astronomers at the time even

59
00:03:43,170 --> 00:03:38,260
concluded that it was really good

60
00:03:47,250 --> 00:03:43,180
conditions for life Venus the planet

61
00:03:50,040 --> 00:03:47,260
Bailey so as we look back at the science

62
00:03:52,080 --> 00:03:50,050
fiction movies at the time we see the

63
00:03:54,120 --> 00:03:52,090
Venusian surface portrayed with the big

64
00:03:57,840 --> 00:03:54,130
giant swamp monsters roaming around

65
00:03:59,490 --> 00:03:57,850
great some of you who may also have

66
00:04:01,290 --> 00:03:59,500
heard the story of a monster now

67
00:04:18,240 --> 00:04:01,300
confined here in Rome Zoo

68
00:04:23,490 --> 00:04:19,949
there's never been anything like this